China’s Manufacturing Woes Deepen: Margin Pressures and Job Losses Challenge Economic Recovery as AUD/USD Dips
China Manufacturing Margin Pressures Return and Job Losses Mount; AUD/USD Dips
By Bob Mason | Published: September 30, 2025, 02:43 GMT
China’s latest economic data shows two clear facts. Manufacturing margins feel pressure. Job cuts increase. These facts make financial markets act with care. Some numbers show more work in factories. Other numbers show profit gaps and more job losses. This mix affects key prices like the AUD/USD exchange rate.
China’s Private Sector Shows Uneven Economic Momentum
China’s private sector sends mixed signals. The purchasing managers’ report finds that orders in factories rise. The RatingDog Manufacturing PMI climbs from 50.5 in August to 51.2 this month. This rise, the highest seen since early this year, shows work growing slowly. New orders come in fast, as seen since February. New export orders show slow growth after a quiet period since March.
The report on services drops a little. The Services PMI stands at 52.9, just down from 53.0 last month. Staff numbers fall for the third time in four months. This drop raises job worries. Input prices jump at the fastest pace in almost a year. At the same time, average selling prices drop as firms face stiff cost pressure. This mix of price changes shows that even if demand grows a bit, profit margins shrink. Analysts note that higher input costs and lower output prices push margins down.
Official PMIs Present a More Cautious View
China’s official numbers add another layer. The National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) shows the Manufacturing PMI rise gently from 49.4 to 49.8. This value still lies under the 50-point mark that separates shrinking from growing. The Non-Manufacturing PMI dips to 50 from 50.3 in August. The difference in these reports and the RatingDog survey comes from the range of companies asked. The private survey looks mainly at small firms that work for export.
Economic Challenges Persist Amid External Headwinds
China faces many challenges. The impact of U.S. tariffs cuts demand from other countries. This action pushes up costs for many makers. At home, retail sales slow. In August, retail sales grew 3.4% year by year. This pace is low when past growth often beat 12%. On the job side, unemployment inches up to 5.3% in August. Young workers feel this strain most. Their jobless rate jumps to 18.9% from 14.5% only three months ago.
These signals point to a slow market. Firms cut workers as profit margins shrink. Fewer jobs may slow private spending, which is important for China’s rebound.
Market Reaction: Initial Gains Fade Amid Margin Concerns
Market moves mirror these worries. The Hang Seng Index, a gauge of local stocks, climbs briefly to 26,785 points. Soon, it falls back to 26,712 as margin issues and hiring woes return to the mind of traders. In the world of currency, the Australian dollar also sways. The AUD/USD pair reaches $0.65845 before dropping to $0.65751. By the morning session on September 30, AUD/USD sits higher at $0.65809. This move shows a mix of hope and fear about China’s path and its effect on linked currencies.
Policy Support and Trade Talks Under Microscope Ahead of Golden Week
Beijing takes action when times are tough. Officials promise to adjust macro policies to suit the new facts. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) plans to keep support steady and send in consumer subsidies ahead of China’s key Golden Week holiday, which starts on October 1. Investors now watch discussions on U.S.-China trade with care. Steps that cut tariffs may ease cost issues for exporters and help profits. A rise in trade tensions or delays with policy steps may add to global uncertainty and strain market feelings.
Outlook
The upcoming Golden Week holiday may shape spending and travel. Market watchers will track new data on buying trends and shifts in support plans. Bold new stimulus and progress in trade talks might revive market mood. At the same time, ongoing pressure on margins and job cuts may slow growth.
About the Author
Bob Mason brings over 28 years of experience in the global financial world. He studies currency, commodity, and stock markets across Europe and Asia.
For more detailed forecasts and strategies on navigating the evolving market landscape, see the economic calendar and related analysis at FXEmpire.
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