July Core Inflation Stays Steady at 2.9%: What It Means for Federal Reserve Policy and Consumer Spending
Core Inflation Hits 2.9% in July as Forecasted, Reinforcing Fed’s Cautious Tone
By James Hyerczyk
Updated: August 29, 2025, 13:25 GMT
In July 2025, the U.S. core Personal Consumption Expenditures price index showed a 2.9% rise over the past year. This key gauge, watched by many at the Fed, reached the number that many expected. The rise connects directly to the strong inflation pressure that tests the Fed’s price goal and policy.
Inflation Figures Signal Ongoing Price Pressures
The core PCE index cuts out the food and energy prices. It jumped 0.3% this month. This gain shows that core inflation is staying firm. The full PCE index, which brings all prices into view, went up 2.6% over the year with a 0.2% monthly gain.
These numbers tower over the Fed’s 2% target. The high pace links to the Fed’s idea that rates remain high for an extra span. The steady core inflation makes quick rate cuts unlikely.
Consumer Spending Strengthens Amid Inflation Concerns
Consumer spending forms a strong link in overall growth. In July, spending added $108.9 billion, a 0.5% increase. Spending on services climbed by $60.2 billion while spending on goods gained $48.7 billion. When price rises are removed, real spending climbed 0.3%.
The U.S. consumer sector stays strong and holds the economy up. Yet spending crept up faster than real disposable income, which only rose 0.2%. This gap may cause strain if wage growth does not follow or if price drops do not come soon.
Savings Rate Declines as Income Growth Lags Behind Spending
Personal income increased by 0.4% in July. This bump matched the rise in disposable income. Still, with spending outpacing income, the saving rate dropped from 4.6% in June to 4.4%. This drop ties to households using their savings to keep spending at its current level. Such a link may limit how much people can spend if high prices hold on.
Even though wage gains moved well, they did not match the jump in spending, and pressure on household budgets grows.
Federal Reserve’s Policy Outlook: Caution Prevails
Core inflation stays high. The 0.3% monthly rise in the core PCE builds into a yearly pace that keeps worries about prices alive. This pace supports the Fed’s plan to keep interest rates high for more time.
Policy makers lean on the need for price drops to become steady before cutting rates. Their approach remains careful and guided by new data.
Market Implications: Bonds Bearish, Equities Mixed
Market moves show care as the inflation data settles in. U.S. Treasury yields carry an upward pull because of the lasting inflation. Some market areas that feel high rates could have more strain. Stocks tied to consumer buying power might stand firm. In general, stocks sit in a narrow range until clear shifts in inflation or policy show up.
About the Author
James Hyerczyk is a U.S.-based technical analyst and teacher with over 40 years in market work. He studies chart shapes and price changes and has written two books on technical analysis. He works in both futures and stock markets.
Summary:
In July, core inflation rose by 2.9% over the past year. The number backs the Fed’s plan to keep high interest rates until price drops are firm. Consumer spending stays strong but grows faster than income, which cuts back on savings. The Fed’s careful tone means rate cuts are not near, and market moves may continue to link closely with inflation data.
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